Staf Verhaegen schreef op di 10-09-2019 om 11:21 [+0200]:

Spice simulators are not able to handle the snapback curve of an ESD event.

And talking about the snapback, likely the process implant steps may need to be tuned to get a proper snapback voltage. Unfortunately that is where my knowledge stops. ESD development was done in imec in a totally separate group and I was never involved with them. Test chips typically did not include ESD protection and measurements were done by properly grounded wafer probing stations.
Best to include in a next test chip an input with only the ESD clamp on it. The input should not be connected to a transistor gate as then the gate oxide may break down before you can measure the snapback voltage of the clamp.

greets,
Staf.